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2015 ; 112
(17
): 5497-502
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Membrane fusion during phage lysis
#MMPMID25870259
Rajaure M
; Berry J
; Kongari R
; Cahill J
; Young R
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A
2015[Apr]; 112
(17
): 5497-502
PMID25870259
show ga
In general, phages cause lysis of the bacterial host to effect release of the
progeny virions. Until recently, it was thought that degradation of the
peptidoglycan (PG) was necessary and sufficient for osmotic bursting of the cell.
Recently, we have shown that in Gram-negative hosts, phage lysis also requires
the disruption of the outer membrane (OM). This is accomplished by spanins, which
are phage-encoded proteins that connect the cytoplasmic membrane (inner membrane,
IM) and the OM. The mechanism by which the spanins destroy the OM is unknown.
Here we show that the spanins of the paradigm coliphage lambda mediate efficient
membrane fusion. This supports the notion that the last step of lysis is the
fusion of the IM and OM. Moreover, data are provided indicating that
spanin-mediated fusion is regulated by the meshwork of the PG, thus coupling
fusion to murein degradation by the phage endolysin. Because endolysin function
requires the formation of ?m-scale holes by the phage holin, the lysis pathway is
seen to require dramatic dynamics on the part of the OM and IM, as well as
destruction of the PG.
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