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2014 ; 31
(9
): 811-21
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Medication use in the neonatal intensive care unit
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Hsieh EM
; Hornik CP
; Clark RH
; Laughon MM
; Benjamin DK Jr
; Smith PB
Am J Perinatol
2014[Oct]; 31
(9
): 811-21
PMID24347262
show ga
OBJECTIVE: The aim of the article is to provide an update on medication use in
infants admitted to the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) in the United States
and examine how use has changed over time. STUDY DESIGN: We performed a
retrospective review (2005-2010) of a large prospectively collected
administrative database. RESULT: Medications most commonly administered during
the study period were ampicillin, gentamicin, caffeine citrate, vancomycin,
beractant, furosemide, fentanyl, dopamine, midazolam, and calfactant (56-681
exposures per 1,000 infants). Those with the greatest relative increase in use
included azithromycin, sildenafil, and milrinone. Medications with the greatest
relative decrease in use included theophylline, metoclopramide, and doxapram.
CONCLUSION: Medication use in the NICU has changed substantially over time, and
only 35% of the most commonly prescribed medications are Food and Drug
Administration -approved in infants.