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2013 ; 14
(6
): 509-19
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Mechanosensitivity and compositional dynamics of cell-matrix adhesions
#MMPMID23681438
Schiller HB
; Fässler R
EMBO Rep
2013[Jun]; 14
(6
): 509-19
PMID23681438
show ga
Cells perceive information about the biochemical and biophysical properties of
their tissue microenvironment through integrin-mediated cell-matrix adhesions,
which connect the cytoskeleton with the extracellular matrix and thereby allow
cohesion and long-range mechanical connections within tissues. The formation of
cell-matrix adhesions and integrin signalling involves the dynamic recruitment
and assembly of an inventory of proteins, collectively termed the 'adhesome', at
the adhesive site. The recruitment of some adhesome proteins, most notably the
Lin11-, Isl1- and Mec3-domain-containing proteins, depends on mechanical tension
generated by myosin II-mediated contractile forces exerted on cell-matrix
adhesions. When exposed to force, mechanosensitive adhesome proteins can change
their conformation or expose cryptic-binding sites leading to the recruitment of
proteins, rearrangement of the cytoskeleton, reinforcement of the adhesive site
and signal transduction. Biophysical methods and proteomics revealed force ranges
within the adhesome and cytoskeleton, and also force-dependent changes in
adhesome composition. In this review, we provide an overview of the compositional
dynamics of cell-matrix adhesions, discuss the most prevalent functional domains
in adhesome proteins and review literature and concepts about mechanosensing
mechanisms that operate at the adhesion site.