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2014 ; 15
(9
): 585-98
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English Wikipedia
Mechanisms underlying mutational signatures in human cancers
#MMPMID24981601
Helleday T
; Eshtad S
; Nik-Zainal S
Nat Rev Genet
2014[Sep]; 15
(9
): 585-98
PMID24981601
show ga
The collective somatic mutations observed in a cancer are the outcome of multiple
mutagenic processes that have been operative over the lifetime of a patient. Each
process leaves a characteristic imprint--a mutational signature--on the cancer
genome, which is defined by the type of DNA damage and DNA repair processes that
result in base substitutions, insertions and deletions or structural variations.
With the advent of whole-genome sequencing, researchers are identifying an
increasing array of these signatures. Mutational signatures can be used as a
physiological readout of the biological history of a cancer and also have
potential use for discerning ongoing mutational processes from historical ones,
thus possibly revealing new targets for anticancer therapies.