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2012 ; 32
(ä): 261-86
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Mechanisms of inflammatory responses in obese adipose tissue
#MMPMID22404118
Sun S
; Ji Y
; Kersten S
; Qi L
Annu Rev Nutr
2012[Aug]; 32
(ä): 261-86
PMID22404118
show ga
The fields of immunology and metabolism are rapidly converging on adipose tissue.
During obesity, many immune cells infiltrate or populate in adipose tissue and
promote a low-grade chronic inflammation. Studies to date have suggested that
perturbation of inflammation is critically linked to nutrient metabolic pathways
and to obesity-associated complications such as insulin resistance and type 2
diabetes. Despite these advances, however, many open questions remain including
how inflammatory responses are initiated and maintained, how nutrients impact the
function of various immune populations, and how inflammatory responses affect
systemic insulin sensitivity. Here we review recent studies on the roles of
various immune cells at different phases of obesity and discuss molecular
mechanisms underlying obesity-associated inflammation. Better understanding of
the events occurring in adipose tissue will provide insights into the
pathophysiological role of inflammation in obesity and shed light on the
pathogenesis of obesity-associated metabolic syndrome.
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