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2016 ; 16
(6
): 387-98
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Mechanisms of human lymphoid chromosomal translocations
#MMPMID27220482
Lieber MR
Nat Rev Cancer
2016[May]; 16
(6
): 387-98
PMID27220482
show ga
Analysis of chromosomal translocation sequence locations in human lymphomas has
provided valuable clues about the mechanism of the translocations and when they
occur. Biochemical analyses on the mechanisms of DNA breakage and rejoining
permit formulation of detailed models of the human chromosomal translocation
process in lymphoid neoplasms. Most human lymphomas are derived from B cells in
which a DNA break at an oncogene is initiated by activation-induced deaminase
(AID). The partner locus in many cases is located at one of the antigen receptor
loci, and this break is generated by the recombination activating gene (RAG)
complex or by AID. After breakage, the joining process typically occurs by
non-homologous DNA end-joining (NHEJ). Some of the insights into this mechanism
also apply to translocations that occur in non-lymphoid neoplasms.