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2014 ; 25
(ä): 101-9
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Mechanisms for enhancing cellular reprogramming
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Soufi A
Curr Opin Genet Dev
2014[Apr]; 25
(ä): 101-9
PMID24607881
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During development, the genome adopts specific chromatin states to establish and
maintain functionally distinct cell types in a well-controlled environment. A
select group of transcription factors have the ability to drive the transition of
the genome from a pluripotent to a more specialized chromatin state. The same set
of factors can be used as reprogramming factors to reset the already established
chromatin state back to pluripotency or directly to an alternative cell type.
However, under the suboptimal reprogramming conditions, these factors fall short
in guiding the majority of cells to their new fate. In this review, we visit the
recent findings addressing the manipulation of chromatin structure to enhance the
performance of transcription factors in reprogramming. The main emphasis is on
the mechanisms underlying the conversion of somatic cells to pluripotency using
OSKM. This review is intended to highlight the windows of opportunities for
developing mechanistically based approaches to replace the phenotypically guided
methods currently employed in reprogramming, in an attempt to move the field of
cell conversion towards using next generation technologies.
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