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2015 ; 172
(6
): 1620-32
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Measurement of NO in biological samples
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Csonka C
; Páli T
; Bencsik P
; Görbe A
; Ferdinandy P
; Csont T
Br J Pharmacol
2015[Mar]; 172
(6
): 1620-32
PMID24990201
show ga
Although the physiological regulatory function of the gasotransmitter NO (a
diatomic free radical) was discovered decades ago, NO is still in the frontline
research in biomedicine. NO has been implicated in a variety of physiological and
pathological processes; therefore, pharmacological modulation of NO levels in
various tissues may have significant therapeutic value. NO is generated by NOS in
most of cell types and by non-enzymatic reactions. Measurement of NO is
technically difficult due to its rapid chemical reactions with a wide range of
molecules, such as, for example, free radicals, metals, thiols, etc. Therefore,
there are still several contradictory findings on the role of NO in different
biological processes. In this review, we briefly discuss the major techniques
suitable for measurement of NO (electron paramagnetic resonance,
electrochemistry, fluorometry) and its derivatives in biological samples
(nitrite/nitrate, NOS, cGMP, nitrosothiols) and discuss the advantages and
disadvantages of each method. We conclude that to obtain a meaningful insight
into the role of NO and NO modulator compounds in physiological or pathological
processes, concomitant assessment of NO synthesis, NO content, as well as
molecular targets and reaction products of NO is recommended.
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