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2016 ; 11
(9
): e0161522
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Mapping the Emergence of Synthetic Biology
#MMPMID27611324
Raimbault B
; Cointet JP
; Joly PB
PLoS One
2016[]; 11
(9
): e0161522
PMID27611324
show ga
In this paper, we apply an original scientometric analyses to a corpus comprising
synthetic biology (SynBio) publications in Thomson Reuters Web of Science to
characterize the emergence of this new scientific field. Three results were drawn
from this empirical investigation. First, despite the exponential growth of
publications, the study of population level statistics (newcomers proportion,
collaboration network structure) shows that SynBio has entered a stabilization
process since 2010. Second, the mapping of textual and citational networks shows
that SynBio is characterized by high heterogeneity and four different approaches:
the central approach, where biobrick engineering is the most widespread; genome
engineering; protocell creation; and metabolic engineering. We suggest that
synthetic biology acts as an umbrella term allowing for the mobilization of
resources, and also serves to relate scientific content and promises of
applications. Third, we observed a strong intertwinement between epistemic and
socio-economic dynamics. Measuring scientific production and impact and using
structural analysis data, we identified a core set of mostly American scientists.
Biographical analysis shows that these central and influential scientists act as
"boundary spanners," meaning that their importance to the field lies not only in
their academic contributions, but also in their capacity to interact with other
social spaces that are outside the academic sphere.
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