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2010 ; 23
(7
): 821-35
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Mapping brain anatomical connectivity using white matter tractography
#MMPMID20886567
Lazar M
NMR Biomed
2010[Aug]; 23
(7
): 821-35
PMID20886567
show ga
Integration of the neural processes in the human brain is realized through
interconnections that exist between different neural centers. These
interconnections take place through white matter pathways. White matter
tractography is currently the only available technique for the reconstruction of
the anatomical connectivity in the human brain noninvasively and in vivo. The
trajectory and terminations of white matter pathways are estimated from local
orientations of nerve bundles. These orientations are obtained using measurements
of water diffusion in the brain. In this article, the techniques for estimating
fiber directions from diffusion measurements in the human brain are reviewed.
Methods of white matter tractography are described, together with the current
limitations of the technique, including sensitivity to image noise and partial
voluming. The applications of white matter tractography to the topographical
characterization of the white matter connections and the segmentation of specific
white matter pathways, and corresponding functional units of gray matter, are
discussed. In this context, the potential impact of white matter tractography in
mapping the functional systems and subsystems in the human brain, and their
interrelations, is described. Finally, the applications of white matter
tractography to the study of brain disorders, including fiber tract localization
in brains affected by tumors and the identification of impaired connectivity
routes in neurologic and neuropsychiatric diseases, are discussed.
|*Nerve Fibers, Myelinated
[MESH]
|Algorithms
[MESH]
|Brain Mapping/*methods
[MESH]
|Brain/*anatomy & histology
[MESH]
|Diffusion
[MESH]
|Diffusion Magnetic Resonance Imaging/*methods
[MESH]