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2015 ; 13 Suppl 1
(Suppl 1
): S47-53
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Manipulating megakaryocytes to manufacture platelets ex vivo
#MMPMID26149050
Karagiannis P
; Eto K
J Thromb Haemost
2015[Jun]; 13 Suppl 1
(Suppl 1
): S47-53
PMID26149050
show ga
Historically, platelet transfusion has proven a reliable way to treat patients
suffering from thrombocytopenia or similar ailments. An undersupply of donors,
however, has demanded alternative platelet sources. Scientists have therefore
sought to recapitulate the biological events that convert hematopoietic stem
cells into platelets in the laboratory. Such platelets have shown good function
and potential for treatment. Yet the number manufactured ex vivo falls well short
of clinical application. Part of the reason is the remarkable gaps in our
understanding of the molecular mechanisms driving platelet formation. Using
several stem cell sources, scientists have progressively clarified the chemical
signaling and physical microenvironment that optimize ex vivo platelets and
reconstituted them in synthetic environments. Key advances in cell reprogramming
and the ability to propagate self-renewal have extended the lifetime of
megakaryocytes to increase the pool of platelet progenitors.