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2015 ; 1851
(4
): 308-30
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Mammalian lipoxygenases and their biological relevance
#MMPMID25316652
Kuhn H
; Banthiya S
; van Leyen K
Biochim Biophys Acta
2015[Apr]; 1851
(4
): 308-30
PMID25316652
show ga
Lipoxygenases (LOXs) form a heterogeneous class of lipid peroxidizing enzymes,
which have been implicated not only in cell proliferation and differentiation but
also in the pathogenesis of various diseases with major public health relevance.
As other fatty acid dioxygenases LOXs oxidize polyunsaturated fatty acids to
their corresponding hydroperoxy derivatives, which are further transformed to
bioactive lipid mediators (eicosanoids and related substances). On the other
hand, lipoxygenases are key players in the regulation of the cellular redox
homeostasis, which is an important element in gene expression regulation.
Although the first mammalian lipoxygenases were discovered 40 years ago and
although the enzymes have been well characterized with respect to their
structural and functional properties the biological roles of the different
lipoxygenase isoforms are not completely understood. This review is aimed at
summarizing the current knowledge on the physiological roles of different
mammalian LOX-isoforms and their patho-physiological function in inflammatory,
metabolic, hyperproliferative, neurodegenerative and infectious disorders. This
article is part of a Special Issue entitled "Oxygenated metabolism of PUFA:
analysis and biological relevance".
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