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2016 ; 2
(ä): 19
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Macular pigment in retinal health and disease
#MMPMID27847637
Lima VC
; Rosen RB
; Farah M
Int J Retina Vitreous
2016[]; 2
(ä): 19
PMID27847637
show ga
Lutein and zeaxanthin, two carotenoid pigments of the xanthophyll subclass, are
present in high concentrations in the retina, especially in the macula. They work
as a filter protecting the macula from blue light and also as a resident
antioxidant and free radical scavenger to reduce oxidative stress-induced damage.
Many observational and interventional studies have suggested that lutein and
zeaxanthin may reduce the risk of various eye diseases, especially late forms of
AMD. In vitro and in vivo studies indicate that they could protect various ocular
cells against oxidative damage. Recent research has shown that in addition to
traditional mechanisms, lutein and zeaxanthin can influence the viability and
function of cells through various signal pathways or transcription factors: for
instance, they can affect immune responses and inflammation, and have
anti-angiogenic and anti-tumor properties. This review covers the basic aspects
and results of recent studies regarding the effects of lutein, zeaxanthin and
other carotenoids, such as meso-zeaxanthin, on the eye in different clinical and
experimental models and the management of various ocular diseases using these
molecules.
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