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2014 ; 29
(12
): 2253-61
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Lysosome dysfunction in the pathogenesis of kidney diseases
#MMPMID24217784
Surendran K
; Vitiello SP
; Pearce DA
Pediatr Nephrol
2014[Dec]; 29
(12
): 2253-61
PMID24217784
show ga
The lysosome, an organelle central to macromolecule degradation and recycling,
plays a pivotal role in normal cell processes, ranging from autophagy to redox
regulation. Not surprisingly, lysosomes are an integral part of the renal
epithelial molecular machinery that facilitates normal renal physiology. Two
inherited diseases that manifest as kidney dysfunction are Fabry's disease and
cystinosis, each of which is caused by a primary biochemical defect at the
lysosome resulting from loss-of-function mutations in genes that encode lysosomal
proteins. The functions of the lysosomes in the kidney and how lysosomal
dysfunction might contribute to Fabry's disease and cystinosis are discussed.
Unlike most other pediatric renal diseases, therapies are available for Fabry's
disease and cystinosis, but require early diagnosis. Recent analysis of ceroid
neuronal lipofuscinosis type 3 (Cln3) null mice, a mouse model of lysosomal
disease that is primarily associated with neurological deficits, revealed renal
functional abnormalities. As current and future therapeutics increase the
life-span of those suffering from diseases like neuronal ceroid lipofuscinosis,
it remains a distinct possibility that many more lysosomal disorders that
primarily manifest as infant and juvenile neurodegenerative diseases may also
include renal disease phenotypes.