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2015 ; 7
(2
): 736-62
Nephropedia Template TP
Upadhyay R
; Hammerich L
; Peng P
; Brown B
; Merad M
; Brody JD
Cancers (Basel)
2015[Apr]; 7
(2
): 736-62
PMID25941795
show ga
While the cellular origin of lymphoma is often characterized by chromosomal
translocations and other genetic aberrations, its growth and development into a
malignant neoplasm is highly dependent upon its ability to escape natural host
defenses. Neoplastic cells interact with a variety of non-malignant cells in the
tumor milieu to create an immunosuppressive microenvironment. The resulting
functional impairment and dysregulation of tumor-associated immune cells not only
allows for passive growth of the malignancy but may even provide active growth
signals upon which the tumor subsequently becomes dependent. In the past decade,
the success of immune checkpoint blockade and adoptive cell transfer for relapsed
or refractory lymphomas has validated immunotherapy as a possible treatment
cornerstone. Here, we review the mechanisms by which lymphomas have been found to
evade and even reprogram the immune system, including alterations in surface
molecules, recruitment of immunosuppressive subpopulations, and secretion of
anti-inflammatory factors. A fundamental understanding of the immune evasion
strategies utilized by lymphomas may lead to better prognostic markers and guide
the development of targeted interventions that are both safer and more effective
than current standards of care.
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