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2015 ; 5
(ä): 15177
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Low-Cost High-Performance MRI
#MMPMID26469756
Sarracanie M
; LaPierre CD
; Salameh N
; Waddington DEJ
; Witzel T
; Rosen MS
Sci Rep
2015[Oct]; 5
(ä): 15177
PMID26469756
show ga
Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) is unparalleled in its ability to visualize
anatomical structure and function non-invasively with high spatial and temporal
resolution. Yet to overcome the low sensitivity inherent in inductive detection
of weakly polarized nuclear spins, the vast majority of clinical MRI scanners
employ superconducting magnets producing very high magnetic fields. Commonly
found at 1.5-3 tesla (T), these powerful magnets are massive and have very strict
infrastructure demands that preclude operation in many environments. MRI scanners
are costly to purchase, site, and maintain, with the purchase price approaching
$1?M per tesla (T) of magnetic field. We present here a remarkably simple,
non-cryogenic approach to high-performance human MRI at ultra-low magnetic field,
whereby modern under-sampling strategies are combined with fully-refocused
dynamic spin control using steady-state free precession techniques. At 6.5?mT
(more than 450 times lower than clinical MRI scanners) we demonstrate
(2.5?×?3.5?×?8.5) mm(3) imaging resolution in the living human brain using a
simple, open-geometry electromagnet, with 3D image acquisition over the entire
brain in 6?minutes. We contend that these practical ultra-low magnetic field
implementations of MRI (<10?mT) will complement traditional MRI, providing
clinically relevant images and setting new standards for affordable (<$50,000)
and robust portable devices.