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2016 ; 2016
(ä): 1797692
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Long Noncoding RNA Regulation of Pluripotency
#MMPMID26697072
Rosa A
; Ballarino M
Stem Cells Int
2016[]; 2016
(ä): 1797692
PMID26697072
show ga
Pluripotent stem cells (PSCs) represent a unique kind of stem cell, as they are
able to indefinitely self-renew and hold the potential to differentiate into any
derivative of the three germ layers. As such, human Embryonic Stem Cells (hESCs)
and human induced Pluripotent Stem Cells (hiPSCs) provide a unique opportunity
for studying the earliest steps of human embryogenesis and, at the same time, are
of great therapeutic interest. The molecular mechanisms underlying pluripotency
represent a major field of research. Recent evidence suggests that a complex
network of transcription factors, chromatin regulators, and noncoding RNAs exist
in pluripotent cells to regulate the balance between self-renewal and
multilineage differentiation. Regulatory noncoding RNAs come in two flavors:
short and long. The first class includes microRNAs (miRNAs), which are involved
in the posttranscriptional regulation of cell cycle and differentiation in PSCs.
Instead, long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) represent a heterogeneous group of long
transcripts that regulate gene expression at transcriptional and
posttranscriptional levels. In this review, we focus on the role played by
lncRNAs in the maintenance of pluripotency, emphasizing the interplay between
lncRNAs and other pivotal regulators in PSCs.
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