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2017 ; 17
(15
): 1750-1757
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LncRNA as a Therapeutic Target for Angiogenesis
#MMPMID27848894
Kumar MM
; Goyal R
Curr Top Med Chem
2017[]; 17
(15
): 1750-1757
PMID27848894
show ga
BACKGROUND: Out of 3 billion base pairs in human genome only ~2% code for
proteins; and out of 180,000 transcripts in human cells, about 20,000 code for
protein, remaining 160,000 are non-coding transcripts. Most of these transcripts
are more than 200 base pairs and constitute a group of long non-coding RNA
(lncRNA). Many of the lncRNA have its own promoter, and are well conserved in
mammals. Accumulating evidence indicates that lncRNAs act as molecular switches
in cellular differentiation, movement, apoptosis, and in the reprogramming of
cell states by altering gene expression patterns. However, the role of this
important group of molecules in angiogenesis is not well understood. Angiogenesis
is a complex process and depends on precise regulation of gene expression.
CONCLUSION: Dysregulation of transcription during this process may lead to
several diseases including various cancers. As angiogenesis is an important
process in cancer pathogenesis and treatment, lncRNA may be playing an important
role in angiogenesis. In support of this, lncRNA microvascular invasion in
hepatocellular carcinoma (MVIH) has been shown to activate angiogenesis.
Furthermore, lncRNA-Meg3-knockout mouse showed increased expression of vascular
endothelial growth factor pathway genes and increased cortical microvessel
density. Overall, there is strong evidence that lncRNA is an important class of
regulatory molecule, and a number of studies have demonstrated that these can be
targeted to change cellular physiology and functions. In this review, we have
attempted to summarize these studies and elucidate the potential of this novel
regulatory molecule as a therapeutic target.
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