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2016 ; 16
(6
): 1688-96
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Liver-Regenerative Transplantation: Regrow and Reset
#MMPMID26699680
Collin de l'Hortet A
; Takeishi K
; Guzman-Lepe J
; Handa K
; Matsubara K
; Fukumitsu K
; Dorko K
; Presnell SC
; Yagi H
; Soto-Gutierrez A
Am J Transplant
2016[Jun]; 16
(6
): 1688-96
PMID26699680
show ga
Liver transplantation, either a partial liver from a living or deceased donor or
a whole liver from a deceased donor, is the only curative therapy for severe
end-stage liver disease. Only one-third of those on the liver transplant waiting
list will be transplanted, and the demand for livers is projected to increase 23%
in the next 20 years. Consequently, organ availability is an absolute constraint
on the number of liver transplants that can be performed. Regenerative therapies
aim to enhance liver tissue repair and regeneration by any means available (cell
repopulation, tissue engineering, biomaterials, proteins, small molecules, and
genes). Recent experimental work suggests that liver repopulation and engineered
liver tissue are best suited to the task if an unlimited availability of
functional induced pluripotent stem (iPS)-derived liver cells can be achieved.
The derivation of iPS cells by reprogramming cell fate has opened up new lines of
investigation, for instance, the generation of iPS-derived xenogeneic organs or
the possibility of simply inducing the liver to reprogram its own hepatocyte
function after injury. We reviewed current knowledge about liver repopulation,
generation of engineered livers and reprogramming of liver function. We also
discussed the numerous barriers that have to be overcome for clinical
implementation.
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