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2017 ; 375
(5
): 78
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Lewis Acidic Ionic Liquids
#MMPMID28828725
Brown LC
; Hogg JM
; Swad?ba-Kwa?ny M
Top Curr Chem (Cham)
2017[Aug]; 375
(5
): 78
PMID28828725
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Until very recently, the term Lewis acidic ionic liquids (ILs) was nearly
synonymous with halometallate ILs, with a strong focus on chloroaluminate(III)
systems. The first part of this review covers the historical context in which
these were developed, speciation of a range of halometallate ionic liquids,
attempts to quantify their Lewis acidity, and selected recent applications: in
industrial alkylation processes, in supported systems (SILPs/SCILLs) and in
inorganic synthesis. In the last decade, interesting alternatives to
halometallate ILs have emerged, which can be divided into two sub-sections: (1)
liquid coordination complexes (LCCs), still based on halometallate species, but
less expensive and more diverse than halometallate ionic liquids, and (2) ILs
with main-group Lewis acidic cations. The two following sections cover these new
liquid Lewis acids, also highlighting speciation studies, Lewis acidity
measurements, and applications.
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