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2017 ; 5
(4
): 221-230
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Le Fort Fractures: A Collective Review
#MMPMID29177168
Phillips BJ
; Turco LM
Bull Emerg Trauma
2017[Oct]; 5
(4
): 221-230
PMID29177168
show ga
Le Fort fractures constitute a pattern of complex facial injury that occurs
secondary to blunt facial trauma. The most common mechanisms of injury for these
fractures, which are frequently associated with drug and alcohol use, include
motor vehicle collisions, assault, and falls. A thorough search of the world's
literature following PRISMA guidelines was conducted through PubMed and EBSCO
databases. Search terms included "Le Fort fracture", "facial", "craniofacial",
and "intracranial." Articles were selected based on relevance and examined
regarding etiology, epidemiology, diagnosis, treatment, complications, and
outcomes in adults. The analyzed studies were published between 1980 and 2016.
Initial data search yielded 186 results. The search was narrowed to exclude
articles lacking in specificity for Le Fort fractures. Fifty-one articles were
selected, the majority of which were large case studies, and collectively
reported that Le Fort fractures are most commonly due to high-velocity MVC and
that the severity of fracture type sustained occurred with increasing frequency.
It was also found that there is a general lack of published Level I, Level II,
and Level III studies regarding Le Fort fracture management, surgical management,
and outcomes. The limitation of this study, similar to all PRISMA-guided review
articles, is the dependence on previously published research and availability of
references as outlined in our methodology. While mortality rates for Le Fort
fractures are low, these complex injuries seldom occur in isolation and are
associated with other severe injuries to the head and neck. Quick and accurate
diagnosis of Le Fort fractures and associated injuries is crucial to the
successful management of blunt head trauma.