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2015 ; 15
(ä): 260
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Kingella kingae infections in children
#MMPMID26148872
Principi N
; Esposito S
BMC Infect Dis
2015[Jul]; 15
(ä): 260
PMID26148872
show ga
BACKGROUND: Improvements in culture techniques and molecular detection methods
have led to findings indicating that, particularly in infants and young children,
Kingella kingae is a significantly more important pathogen than previously
thought. However, despite this, the pediatric community is still largely unaware
of the existence of this organism. The aim of this review is therefore to
summarise current knowledge of the epidemiology, transmission, clinical
presentation, diagnosis and treatment of K. kingae infections in children.
DISCUSSION: K. kingae is a common coloniser of the oropharynx, can be transmitted
from child to child, and can cause outbreaks of infection. Invasive infections
almost exclusively occur in children aged between six months and four years of
age, and involve mainly joints and bone, less frequently the endocardium, and
very rarely other localisations. With the exception of bacteremia and
endocarditis, which can be followed by severe complications, the diseases due to
K. kingae are usually accompanied by mild to moderate clinical signs and
symptoms, and only slightly altered laboratory data. Moreover, they generally
respond to widely used antibiotics, although resistant strains are reported.
However, the mild symptoms and limited increase in the levels of acute phase
reactants create problems because K. kingae disease may be confused with other
clinical conditions that have a similar clinical picture. CONCLUSIONS: Although
K. kingae was identified more than 50 years ago, it is poorly known by
pediatricians and is not systematically sought in laboratories. Education is
therefore necessary in order to reduce the risk of outbreaks, permit the early
identification of K. kingae infections, and allow the prompt prescription of
adequate therapeutic regimens capable of avoiding the risk of a negative
evolution in those cases in which this elusive pathogen can cause significant
clinical problems.
|Anti-Bacterial Agents/therapeutic use
[MESH]
|Child
[MESH]
|Child, Preschool
[MESH]
|Disease Outbreaks
[MESH]
|Female
[MESH]
|Global Health
[MESH]
|Humans
[MESH]
|Infant
[MESH]
|Infant, Newborn
[MESH]
|Kingella kingae/*isolation & purification
[MESH]
|Neisseriaceae Infections/diagnosis/*epidemiology/microbiology/prevention &
control
[MESH]