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10.1159/000438675 http://scihub22266oqcxt.onion/10.1159/000438675 C4684980!4684980 !26361209     free     free     free Warning: file_get_contents(https://eutils.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&id=26361209 &cmd=llinks): Failed to open stream: HTTP request failed! HTTP/1.1 429 Too Many Requests in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 215 Warning: imagejpeg(C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\phplern\26361209 .jpg): Failed to open stream: No such file or directory in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 117       Psychopathology 2015 ; 48 (6 ): 376-85 Nephropedia Template TP {{tp|p=26361209 |t=2015. Ketamine-Induced Hallucinations |pdf=|usr=}}{{26361209 }} gab.com Text Ketamine-Induced Hallucinations JO: Psychopathology http://www.kidney.de/pget.php?&tw=1&pmid=26361209 #FOAvip BACKGROUND: Ketamine, the NMDA glutamate receptor antagonist drug, is increasingly employed as an experimental model of psychosis in healthy volunteers. At subanesthetic doses, it safely and reversibly causes delusion-like ideas, amotivation and perceptual disruptions reminiscent of the aberrant salience experiences that characterize first-episode psychosis. However, auditory verbal hallucinations, a hallmark symptom of schizophrenia, have not been reported consistently in healthy volunteers even at high doses of ketamine. SAMPLING AND METHODS: Here we present data from a set of healthy participants who received moderately dosed, placebo-controlled ketamine infusions in the reduced stimulation environment of the magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scanner. We highlight the phenomenological experiences of 3 participants who experienced particularly vivid hallucinations. RESULTS: Participants in this series reported auditory verbal and musical hallucinations at a ketamine dose that does not induce auditory hallucination outside of the scanner. CONCLUSIONS: We interpret the observation of ketamine-induced auditory verbal hallucinations in the context of the reduced perceptual environment of the MRI scanner and offer an explanation grounded in predictive coding models of perception and psychosis - the brain fills in expected perceptual inputs, and it does so more in situations of altered perceptual input. The altered perceptual input of the MRI scanner creates a mismatch between top-down perceptual expectations and the heightened bottom-up signals induced by ketamine. Such circumstances induce aberrant percepts, including musical and auditory verbal hallucinations. We suggest that these circumstances might represent a useful experimental model of auditory verbal hallucinations and highlight the impact of ambient sensory stimuli on psychopathology. Twit Text FOAVip Ketamine-Induced Hallucinations ????Psychopathology http://www.kidney.de/pget.php?&tw=1&pmid=26361209 #FOAvip Twit Text # Free Paper on # # # # # LINK http://www.kidney.de/pget.php?&tw=1&pmid=26361209 #FOAvip English Wikipedia <ref>{{Cite pmid|26361209 }}</ref> Ketamine-Induced Hallucinations #MMPMID26361209 Powers AR 3rd ; Gancsos MG ; Finn ES ; Morgan PT ; Corlett PR Psychopathology 2015[]; 48 (6 ): 376-85 PMID26361209 show ga BACKGROUND: Ketamine, the NMDA glutamate receptor antagonist drug, is increasingly employed as an experimental model of psychosis in healthy volunteers. At subanesthetic doses, it safely and reversibly causes delusion-like ideas, amotivation and perceptual disruptions reminiscent of the aberrant salience experiences that characterize first-episode psychosis. However, auditory verbal hallucinations, a hallmark symptom of schizophrenia, have not been reported consistently in healthy volunteers even at high doses of ketamine. SAMPLING AND METHODS: Here we present data from a set of healthy participants who received moderately dosed, placebo-controlled ketamine infusions in the reduced stimulation environment of the magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scanner. We highlight the phenomenological experiences of 3 participants who experienced particularly vivid hallucinations. RESULTS: Participants in this series reported auditory verbal and musical hallucinations at a ketamine dose that does not induce auditory hallucination outside of the scanner. CONCLUSIONS: We interpret the observation of ketamine-induced auditory verbal hallucinations in the context of the reduced perceptual environment of the MRI scanner and offer an explanation grounded in predictive coding models of perception and psychosis - the brain fills in expected perceptual inputs, and it does so more in situations of altered perceptual input. The altered perceptual input of the MRI scanner creates a mismatch between top-down perceptual expectations and the heightened bottom-up signals induced by ketamine. Such circumstances induce aberrant percepts, including musical and auditory verbal hallucinations. We suggest that these circumstances might represent a useful experimental model of auditory verbal hallucinations and highlight the impact of ambient sensory stimuli on psychopathology. |Adult [MESH] |Delusions/chemically induced [MESH] |Dose-Response Relationship, Drug [MESH] |Female [MESH] |Frontal Lobe/*drug effects/*physiopathology [MESH] |Hallucinations/*chemically induced/diagnosis [MESH] |Humans [MESH] |Ketamine/administration & dosage/*adverse effects [MESH] |Magnetic Resonance Imaging [MESH] |Male [MESH] |Perception [MESH] |Psychotic Disorders/*drug therapy/pathology [MESH]Ketamine-Induced Hallucinations (epmc).pdf DeepDyve Pubget Overpricing