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2017 ; 12
(11
): e0186507
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Involvement of the enteroendocrine system in intestinal obstruction
#MMPMID29091949
Ballouhey Q
; Richard L
; Fourcade L
; Ben Rhaiem I
; Vallat JM
; Sturtz F
; Bourthoumieu S
PLoS One
2017[]; 12
(11
): e0186507
PMID29091949
show ga
INTRODUCTION: Intestinal atresia, a rare congenital condition, is often
associated with intestinal motility disorders despite adequate neonatal surgery.
Previous studies have focused on changes in the enteric nervous system (ENS). We
hypothesized that other components of the digestive tract could be involved in
this condition. MATERIAL AND METHODS: In a rat model of surgically-induced
intestinal obstruction, a transcriptome analysis was performed to measure the
global gene expression. Then, analyzes were focused on genes expressed in ENS and
neuroendocrine cells. Rat fetus small intestines at different developmental
stages (ED15, ED17, ED19 and ED21, (n = 22)) were studied as controls and
compared to the upper and lower segments of small intestines from rat fetuses
with surgically-induced obstruction (n = 14; ligature at ED18). The gene
expression pattern was confirmed by immunohistochemistry, electron microscopy and
RT-qPCR. RESULTS: From ED15 to ED21, there was a physiological decrease in the
gene expression of ENS markers and an increase in that of neuroendocrine genes.
Regarding operated embryos, the changes in global gene expression were
significantly higher in the proximal segment compared to the distal segment (18%
vs. 9%). More precisely, a decrease in ENS gene expression and an increase in
neuroendocrine gene expression were observed in the proximal segment compared to
controls, indicating an accelerated maturation pattern. Immunohistochemistry and
electron microscopy confirmed these findings. CONCLUSION: Fetal intestinal
obstruction seems to induce an accelerated maturation in the proximal segment.
Moreover, neuroendocrine cells undergo significant unexpected changes, suggesting
that ENS changes could be associated with other changes to induce intestinal
motility disorders.