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2015 ; 24
(6
): 743-60
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Investigational agents for treatment of traumatic brain injury
#MMPMID25727893
Xiong Y
; Zhang Y
; Mahmood A
; Chopp M
Expert Opin Investig Drugs
2015[Jun]; 24
(6
): 743-60
PMID25727893
show ga
INTRODUCTION: Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a major cause of death and
disability worldwide. To date, there are no pharmacologic agents proven to
improve outcomes from TBI because all the Phase III clinical trials in TBI have
failed. Thus, there is a compelling need to develop treatments for TBI. AREAS
COVERED: The following article provides an overview of select cell-based and
pharmacological therapies under early development for the treatment of TBI. These
therapies seek to enhance cognitive and neurological functional recovery through
neuroprotective and neurorestorative strategies. EXPERT OPINION: TBI elicits both
complex degenerative and regenerative tissue responses in the brain. TBI can lead
to cognitive, behavioral, and motor deficits. Although numerous promising
neuroprotective treatment options have emerged from preclinical studies that
mainly target the lesion, translation of preclinical effective neuroprotective
drugs to clinical trials has proven challenging. Accumulating evidence indicates
that the mammalian brain has a significant, albeit limited, capacity for both
structural and functional plasticity, as well as regeneration essential for
spontaneous functional recovery after injury. A new therapeutic approach is to
stimulate neurovascular remodeling by enhancing angiogenesis, neurogenesis,
oligodendrogenesis, and axonal sprouting, which in concert, may improve
neurological functional recovery after TBI.