Warning: imagejpeg(C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\phplern\29674962
.jpg): Failed to open stream: No such file or directory in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 117 Front+Synaptic+Neurosci
2018 ; 10
(ä): 4
Nephropedia Template TP
gab.com Text
Twit Text FOAVip
Twit Text #
English Wikipedia
Invaginating Structures in Mammalian Synapses
#MMPMID29674962
Petralia RS
; Wang YX
; Mattson MP
; Yao PJ
Front Synaptic Neurosci
2018[]; 10
(ä): 4
PMID29674962
show ga
Invaginating structures at chemical synapses in the mammalian nervous system
exist in presynaptic axon terminals, postsynaptic spines or dendrites, and glial
processes. These invaginating structures can be divided into three categories.
The first category includes slender protrusions invaginating into axonal
terminals, postsynaptic spines, or glial processes. Best known examples of this
category are spinules extending from postsynaptic spines into presynaptic
terminals in forebrain synapses. Another example of this category are protrusions
from inhibitory presynaptic terminals invaginating into postsynaptic neuronal
somas. Regardless of the direction and location, the invaginating structures of
the first category do not have synaptic active zones within the invagination. The
second category includes postsynaptic spines invaginating into presynaptic
terminals, whereas the third category includes presynaptic terminals invaginating
into postsynaptic spines or dendrites. Unlike the first category, the second and
third categories have active zones within the invagination. An example of the
second category are mossy terminal synapses of the hippocampal CA3 region, in
which enlarged spine-like structures invaginate partly or entirely into mossy
terminals. An example of the third category is the neuromuscular junction (NMJ)
where substantial invaginations of the presynaptic terminals invaginate into the
muscle fibers. In the retina, rod and cone synapses have invaginating processes
from horizontal and bipolar cells. Because horizontal cells act both as post and
presynaptic structures, their invaginating processes represent both the second
and third category. These invaginating structures likely play broad yet
specialized roles in modulating neuronal cell signaling.
free
free
free
