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2016 ; 30
(8
): 1651-1658
Nephropedia Template TP
J Diabetes Complications
2016[Nov]; 30
(8
): 1651-1658
PMID27267264
show ga
PURPOSE: Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) is originally identified in the gut as
an incretin hormone, and it is potent in stimulating insulin secretion in the
pancreas. However, increasing evidence suggests that GLP-1 is also produced
locally within pancreatic islets. This review focuses on the past and current
discoveries regarding intra-islet GLP-1 production and its functions. MAIN
FINDINGS: There has been a long-standing debate with regard to whether GLP-1 is
produced in the pancreatic ? cells. Early controversies lead to the widely
accepted conclusion that the vast majority of proglucagon is processed to form
glucagon in the pancreas, whereas an insignificant amount is cleaved to produce
GLP-1. With technological advancements, recent studies have shown that bioactive
GLP-1 is produced locally in the pancreas, and the expression and secretion of
GLP-1 within islets are regulated by various factors such as cytokines,
hyperglycemia, and ? cell injury. CONCLUSIONS: GLP-1 is produced by the
pancreatic ? cells, and it is fully functional as an incretin. Therefore,
intra-islet GLP-1 may exert insulinotropic and glucagonostatic effects locally
via paracrine and/or autocrine actions, under both normal and diabetic
conditions.
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