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2016 ; 1
(4
): ä Nephropedia Template TP
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Inflammatory monocytes hinder antiviral B cell responses
#MMPMID27868108
Sammicheli S
; Kuka M
; Di Lucia P
; de Oya NJ
; De Giovanni M
; Fioravanti J
; Cristofani C
; Maganuco CG
; Fallet B
; Ganzer L
; Sironi L
; Mainetti M
; Ostuni R
; Larimore K
; Greenberg PD
; de la Torre JC
; Guidotti LG
; Iannacone M
Sci Immunol
2016[Oct]; 1
(4
): ä PMID27868108
show ga
Antibodies are critical for protection against viral infections. However, several
viruses, such as lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus (LCMV), avoid the induction
of early protective antibody responses by poorly understood mechanisms. Here we
analyzed the spatiotemporal dynamics of B cell activation to show that, upon
subcutaneous infection, LCMV-specific B cells readily relocate to the
interfollicular and T cell areas of the draining lymph node where they
extensively interact with CD11b(+)Ly6C(hi) inflammatory monocytes. These myeloid
cells were recruited to lymph nodes draining LCMV infection sites in a type I
interferon-, CCR2-dependent fashion and they suppressed antiviral B cell
responses by virtue of their ability to produce nitric oxide. Depletion of
inflammatory monocytes, inhibition of their lymph node recruitment or impairment
of their nitric oxide-producing ability enhanced LCMV-specific B cell survival
and led to robust neutralizing antibody production. In conclusion, our results
identify inflammatory monocytes as critical gatekeepers that prevent antiviral B
cell responses and suggest that certain viruses take advantage of these cells to
prolong their persistence within the host.