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2017 ; 21
(5
): 1169-1179
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Infectious Entry and Neutralization of Pathogenic JC Polyomaviruses
#MMPMID29091757
Geoghegan EM
; Pastrana DV
; Schowalter RM
; Ray U
; Gao W
; Ho M
; Pauly GT
; Sigano DM
; Kaynor C
; Cahir-McFarland E
; Combaluzier B
; Grimm J
; Buck CB
Cell Rep
2017[Oct]; 21
(5
): 1169-1179
PMID29091757
show ga
Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML) is a lethal brain disease caused
by uncontrolled replication of JC polyomavirus (JCV). JCV strains recovered from
the brains of PML patients carry mutations that prevent the engagement of
sialylated glycans, which are thought to serve as receptors for the infectious
entry of wild-type JCV. In this report, we show that non-sialylated
glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) can serve as alternative attachment receptors for the
infectious entry of both wild-type and PML mutant JCV strains. After GAG-mediated
attachment, PML mutant strains engage non-sialylated non-GAG co-receptor glycans,
such as asialo-GM1. JCV-neutralizing monoclonal antibodies isolated from patients
who recovered from PML appear to block infection by preventing the docking of
post-attachment co-receptor glycans in an apical pocket of the JCV major capsid
protein. Identification of the GAG-dependent/sialylated glycan-independent
alternative entry pathway should facilitate the development of infection
inhibitors, including recombinant neutralizing antibodies.