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2016 ; 17
(4
): 539
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Infectious Discitis and Spondylodiscitis in Children
#MMPMID27070599
Principi N
; Esposito S
Int J Mol Sci
2016[Apr]; 17
(4
): 539
PMID27070599
show ga
In children, infectious discitis (D) and infectious spondylodiscitis (SD) are
rare diseases that can cause significant clinical problems, including spinal
deformities and segmental instabilities. Moreover, when the infection spreads
into the spinal channel, D and SD can cause devastating neurologic complications.
Early diagnosis and treatment may reduce these risks. The main aim of this paper
is to discuss recent concepts regarding the epidemiology, microbiology, clinical
presentation, diagnosis, and treatment of pediatric D and SD. It is highlighted
that particular attention must be paid to the identification of the causative
infectious agent and its sensitivity to antibiotics, remembering that traditional
culture frequently leads to negative results and modern molecular methods can
significantly increase the detection rate. Several different bacterial pathogens
can cause D and SD, and, in some cases, particularly those due to Staphylococcus
aureus, Kingella kingae, Mycobacterium tuberculosis, Brucella spp., the
appropriate choice of drug is critical to achieve cure.