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2016 ; 39
(5
): 367-74
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Incredible RNA: Dual Functions of Coding and Noncoding
#MMPMID27137091
Nam JW
; Choi SW
; You BH
Mol Cells
2016[May]; 39
(5
): 367-74
PMID27137091
show ga
Since the RNA world hypothesis was proposed, a large number of regulatory
noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs) have been identified in many species, ranging from
microorganisms to mammals. During the characterization of these newly discovered
RNAs, RNAs having both coding and noncoding functions were discovered, and these
were considered bifunctional RNAs. The recent use of computational and
high-throughput experimental approaches has revealed increasing evidence of
various sources of bifunctional RNAs, such as protein-coding mRNAs with a
noncoding isoform and long ncRNAs bearing a small open reading frame. Therefore,
the genomic diversity of Janus-faced RNA molecules that have dual characteristics
of coding and noncoding indicates that the functional roles of RNAs have to be
revisited in cells on a genome-wide scale. Such studies would allow us to further
understand the complex gene-regulatory network in cells. In this review, we
discuss three major genomic sources of bifunctional RNAs and present a handful of
examples of bifunctional RNA along with their functional roles.
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