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2014 ; 93
(28
): e333
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In vivo morphological features of human lumbar discs
#MMPMID25526494
Zhong W
; Driscoll SJ
; Wu M
; Wang S
; Liu Z
; Cha TD
; Wood KB
; Li G
Medicine (Baltimore)
2014[Dec]; 93
(28
): e333
PMID25526494
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Recent biomechanics studies have revealed distinct kinematic behavior of
different lumbar segments. The mechanisms behind these segment-specific
biomechanical features are unknown. This study investigated the in vivo geometric
characteristics of human lumbar intervertebral discs. Magnetic resonance images
of the lumbar spine of 41 young Chinese individuals were acquired. Disc geometry
in the sagittal plane was measured for each subject, including the dimensions of
the discs, nucleus pulposus (NP), and annulus fibrosus (AF). Segmental lordosis
was also measured using the Cobb method.In general, the disc length increased
from upper to lower lumbar levels, except that the L4/5 and L5/S1 discs had
similar lengths. The L4/5 NP had a height of 8.6±1.3?mm, which was significantly
higher than all other levels (P<0.05). The L5/S1 NP had a length of 21.6±3.1?mm,
which was significantly longer than all other levels (P<0.05). At L4/5, the NP
occupied 64.0% of the disc length, which was significantly less than the NP of
the L5/S1 segment (72.4%) (P<0.05). The anterior AF occupied 20.5% of the L4/5
disc length, which was significantly greater than that of the posterior AF
(15.6%) (P<0.05). At the L5/S1 segment, the anterior and posterior AFs were
similar in length (14.1% and 13.6% of the disc, respectively). The height to
length (H/L) ratio of the L4/5 NP was 0.45±0.06, which was significantly greater
than all other segments (P<0.05). There was no correlation between the NP H/L
ratio and lordosis. Although the lengths of the lower lumbar discs were similar,
the geometry of the AF and NP showed segment-dependent properties. These data may
provide insight into the understanding of segment-specific biomechanics in the
lower lumbar spine. The data could also provide baseline knowledge for the
development of segment-specific surgical treatments of lumbar diseases.
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