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2017 ; 23
(24
): 4330-4340
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Implication of the Hedgehog pathway in hepatocellular carcinoma
#MMPMID28706416
Della Corte CM
; Viscardi G
; Papaccio F
; Esposito G
; Martini G
; Ciardiello D
; Martinelli E
; Ciardiello F
; Morgillo F
World J Gastroenterol
2017[Jun]; 23
(24
): 4330-4340
PMID28706416
show ga
The prognosis for patients who are diagnosed with advanced stage hepatocellular
carcinoma (HCC) is poor because there are few treatment options. Recent research
has focused on the identification of novel molecular entities that can be
targeted to inhibit oncogenic signals that are involved in the carcinogenesis,
proliferation and progression of HCC. Among all of the pathways that are involved
in the development of HCC, Hedgehog (HH) signalling has demonstrated a
substantial role in hepatocarcinogenesis and HCC progression. HH plays a
physiological role in embryogenesis, through the induction of the differentiation
of hepatocytes from endodermal progenitors. The re-activation of the HH pathway
in chronic damaged liver is a mechanism of fibrotic degeneration and is
implicated in various stages of HCC development. HH activation sustains the
sub-population of immature liver epithelial cells that are involved in the
pathogenesis of cirrhosis and HCC, and HH itself is a mediator of the
alcohol-derived malignant transformation of liver cells. High levels of
expression of HH protein markers in liver tumour tissues are correlated with
aggressive histological and biological features and a poor clinical outcome. In
vitro and in vivo inhibition models of the HH pathway confirm that HH is
essential in maintaining tumour growth, metastasis and a mesenchymal phenotype.