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Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A
2015[Jul]; 112
(29
): 8893-900
PMID26195749
show ga
Bacteria reproduce asexually and pass on a single genome copied from the parent,
a reproductive mode that assures the clonal descent of progeny; however, a truly
clonal bacterial species is extremely rare. The signal of clonality can be
interrupted by gene uptake and exchange, initiating homologous recombination that
results in the unique sequence of one clone being incorporated into another.
Because recombination occurs sporadically and on local scales, these events are
often difficult to recognize, even when considering large samples of completely
sequenced genomes. Moreover, several processes can produce the appearance of
clonality in populations that undergo frequent recombination. The rates and
consequences of recombination have been studied in Escherichia coli for over 40
y, and, during this time, there have been several shifting views of its clonal
status, population structure, and rates of gene exchange. We reexamine the
studies and retrace the evolution of the methods that have assessed the extent of
DNA flux, largely focusing on its impact on the E. coli genome.
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