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2016 ; 12
(10
): 1876-1885
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Impaired autophagy in macrophages promotes inflammatory eye disease
#MMPMID27463423
Santeford A
; Wiley LA
; Park S
; Bamba S
; Nakamura R
; Gdoura A
; Ferguson TA
; Rao PK
; Guan JL
; Saitoh T
; Akira S
; Xavier R
; Virgin HW 4th
; Apte RS
Autophagy
2016[Oct]; 12
(10
): 1876-1885
PMID27463423
show ga
Autophagy is critical for maintaining cellular homeostasis. Organs such as the
eye and brain are immunologically privileged. Here, we demonstrate that autophagy
is essential for maintaining ocular immune privilege. Deletion of multiple
autophagy genes in macrophages leads to an inflammation-mediated eye disease
called uveitis that can cause blindness. Loss of autophagy activates
inflammasome-mediated IL1B secretion that increases disease severity. Inhibition
of caspase activity by gene deletion or pharmacological means completely reverses
the disease phenotype. Of interest, experimental uveitis was also increased in a
model of Crohn disease, a systemic autoimmune disease in which patients often
develop uveitis, offering a potential mechanistic link between macrophage
autophagy and systemic disease. These findings directly implicate the homeostatic
process of autophagy in blinding eye disease and identify novel pathways for
therapeutic intervention in uveitis.