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2014 ; 4
(4
): a015578
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Immunological challenges and therapies in xenotransplantation
#MMPMID24616201
Vadori M
; Cozzi E
Cold Spring Harb Perspect Med
2014[Apr]; 4
(4
): a015578
PMID24616201
show ga
Xenotransplantation, or the transplantation of cells, tissues, or organs between
different species, was proposed a long time ago as a possible solution to the
worldwide shortage of human organs and tissues for transplantation. In this
setting, the pig is currently seen as the most likely candidate species. In the
last decade, progress in this field has been remarkable and includes a better
insight into the immunological mechanisms underlying the rejection process.
Several immunological hurdles nonetheless remain, such as the strong
antibody-mediated and innate or adaptive cellular immune responses linked to
coagulation derangements, precluding indefinite xenograft survival. This article
reviews our current understanding of the immunological mechanisms involved in
xenograft rejection and the potential strategies that may enable
xenotransplantation to become a clinical reality in the not-too-distant future.
|*Transplantation, Heterologous
[MESH]
|Animals
[MESH]
|Graft Rejection/*immunology/prevention & control
[MESH]
|Heart Transplantation/*methods
[MESH]
|Humans
[MESH]
|Immunity, Cellular
[MESH]
|Immunity, Humoral
[MESH]
|Immunity, Innate
[MESH]
|Immunosuppressive Agents/therapeutic use
[MESH]
|Islets of Langerhans Transplantation/*methods
[MESH]