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2017 ; 3
(4
): e1601962
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Imaging the dark emission of spasers
#MMPMID28439539
Chen HZ
; Hu JQ
; Wang S
; Li B
; Wang XY
; Wang YL
; Dai L
; Ma RM
Sci Adv
2017[Apr]; 3
(4
): e1601962
PMID28439539
show ga
Spasers are a new class of laser devices with cavity sizes free from optical
diffraction limit. They are an emergent tool for various applications, including
biochemical sensing, superresolution imaging, and on-chip optical communication.
According to its original definition, a spaser is a coherent surface plasmon
amplifier that does not necessarily generate a radiative photon output. However,
to date, spasers have only been studied with scattered photons, and their
intrinsic surface plasmon emission is a "dark" emission that is yet to be
revealed because of its evanescent nature. We directly image the surface plasmon
emission of spasers in spatial, momentum, and frequency spaces simultaneously. We
demonstrate a nanowire spaser with a coupling efficiency to plasmonic modes of
74%. This coupling efficiency can approach 100% in theory when the diameter of
the nanowire becomes smaller than 50 nm. Our results provide clear evidence of
the surface plasmon amplifier nature of spasers and will pave the way for their
various applications.