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2015 ; 2015
(ä): 101029
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Imaging Diagnosis of Splanchnic Venous Thrombosis
#MMPMID26600801
Rajesh S
; Mukund A
; Arora A
Gastroenterol Res Pract
2015[]; 2015
(ä): 101029
PMID26600801
show ga
Splanchnic vein thrombosis (SVT) is a broad term that includes Budd-Chiari
syndrome and occlusion of veins that constitute the portal venous system. Due to
the common risk factors involved in the pathogenesis of these clinically distinct
disorders, concurrent involvement of two different regions is quite common. In
acute and subacute SVT, the symptoms may overlap with a variety of other
abdominal emergencies while in chronic SVT, the extent of portal hypertension and
its attendant complications determine the clinical course. As a result, clinical
diagnosis is often difficult and is frequently reliant on imaging. Tremendous
improvements in vascular imaging in recent years have ensured that this once rare
entity is being increasingly detected. Treatment of acute SVT requires immediate
anticoagulation. Transcatheter thrombolysis or transjugular intrahepatic
portosystemic shunt is used in the event of clinical deterioration. In cases with
peritonitis, immediate laparotomy and bowel resection may be required for
irreversible bowel ischemia. In chronic SVT, the underlying cause should be
identified and treated. The imaging manifestations of the clinical syndromes
resulting from SVT are comprehensively discussed here along with a brief review
of the relevant clinical features and therapeutic approach.
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