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2016 ; 9
(Suppl 1
): 21-28
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IDO2: A Pathogenic Mediator of Inflammatory Autoimmunity
#MMPMID27891058
Merlo LM
; Mandik-Nayak L
Clin Med Insights Pathol
2016[]; 9
(Suppl 1
): 21-28
PMID27891058
show ga
Indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase 2 (IDO2), a homolog of the better-studied
tryptophan-catabolizing enzyme IDO1, is an immunomodulatory molecule with
potential effects on various diseases including cancer and autoimmunity. Here, we
review what is known about the direct connections between IDO2 and immune
function, particularly in relationship to autoimmune inflammatory disorders such
as rheumatoid arthritis and lupus. Accumulating evidence indicates that IDO2 acts
as a pro-inflammatory mediator of autoimmunity, with a functional phenotype
distinct from IDO1. IDO2 is expressed in antigen-presenting cells, including B
cells and dendritic cells, but affects inflammatory responses in the autoimmune
context specifically by acting in B cells to modulate T cell help in multiple
model systems. Given that expression of IDO2 can lead to exacerbation of
inflammatory responses, IDO2 should be considered a potential therapeutic target
for autoimmune disorders.
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