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2014 ; 261
(1
): 177-97
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ID ing innate and innate-like lymphoid cells
#MMPMID25123285
Verykokakis M
; Zook EC
; Kee BL
Immunol Rev
2014[Sep]; 261
(1
): 177-97
PMID25123285
show ga
The immune system can be divided into innate and adaptive components that differ
in their rate and mode of cellular activation, with innate immune cells being the
first responders to invading pathogens. Recent advances in the identification and
characterization of innate lymphoid cells have revealed reiterative developmental
programs that result in cells with effector fates that parallel those of adaptive
lymphoid cells and are tailored to effectively eliminate a broad spectrum of
pathogenic challenges. However, activation of these cells can also be associated
with pathologies such as autoimmune disease. One major distinction between innate
and adaptive immune system cells is the constitutive expression of ID proteins in
the former and inducible expression in the latter. ID proteins function as
antagonists of the E protein transcription factors that play critical roles in
lymphoid specification as well as B- and T-lymphocyte development. In this
review, we examine the transcriptional mechanisms controlling the development of
innate lymphocytes, including natural killer cells and the recently identified
innate lymphoid cells (ILC1, ILC2, and ILC3), and innate-like lymphocytes,
including natural killer T cells, with an emphasis on the known requirements for
the ID proteins.
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