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2018 ; 6
(1
): 81
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Humans as holobionts: implications for prevention and therapy
#MMPMID29716650
van de Guchte M
; Blottière HM
; Doré J
Microbiome
2018[May]; 6
(1
): 81
PMID29716650
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The human gut microbiota is increasingly recognized for its important or even
decisive role in health. As it becomes clear that microbiota and host mutually
affect and depend on each other in an intimate relationship, a holistic view of
the gut microbiota-host association imposes itself. Ideally, a stable state of
equilibrium, homeostasis, is maintained and serves health, but signs are that
perturbation of this equilibrium beyond the limits of resilience can propel the
system into an alternative stable state, a pre-disease state, more susceptible to
the development of chronic diseases. The microbiota-host equilibrium of a large
and growing proportion of individuals in Western society may represent such a
pre-disease state and explain the explosive development of chronic diseases such
as inflammatory bowel disease, obesity, and other inflammatory diseases. These
diseases themselves represent other alternative stable states again and are
therefore hard to cure. The holistic view of the microbiota-host association
where feedback loops between microbiota and host are thought to maintain the
system in a stable state-be it a healthy, pre-disease, or disease state-implies
that integrated approaches, addressing host processes and microbiota, should be
used to treat or prevent (pre-)disease.
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