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2015 ; 290
(26
): 15949-60
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Human Urinary Composition Controls Antibacterial Activity of Siderocalin
#MMPMID25861985
Shields-Cutler RR
; Crowley JR
; Hung CS
; Stapleton AE
; Aldrich CC
; Marschall J
; Henderson JP
J Biol Chem
2015[Jun]; 290
(26
): 15949-60
PMID25861985
show ga
During Escherichia coli urinary tract infections, cells in the human urinary
tract release the antimicrobial protein siderocalin (SCN; also known as lipocalin
2, neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin/NGAL, or 24p3). SCN can interfere
with E. coli iron acquisition by sequestering ferric iron complexes with
enterobactin, the conserved E. coli siderophore. Here, we find that human urinary
constituents can reverse this relationship, instead making enterobactin critical
for overcoming SCN-mediated growth restriction. Urinary control of SCN activity
exhibits wide ranging individual differences. We used these differences to
identify elevated urinary pH and aryl metabolites as key biochemical host factors
controlling urinary SCN activity. These aryl metabolites are well known products
of intestinal microbial metabolism. Together, these results identify an innate
antibacterial immune interaction that is critically dependent upon
individualistic chemical features of human urine.