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2015 ; 7
(307
): 307ra154
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Human IFNAR2 deficiency: Lessons for antiviral immunity
#MMPMID26424569
Duncan CJ
; Mohamad SM
; Young DF
; Skelton AJ
; Leahy TR
; Munday DC
; Butler KM
; Morfopoulou S
; Brown JR
; Hubank M
; Connell J
; Gavin PJ
; McMahon C
; Dempsey E
; Lynch NE
; Jacques TS
; Valappil M
; Cant AJ
; Breuer J
; Engelhardt KR
; Randall RE
; Hambleton S
Sci Transl Med
2015[Sep]; 7
(307
): 307ra154
PMID26424569
show ga
Type I interferon (IFN-?/?) is a fundamental antiviral defense mechanism. Mouse
models have been pivotal to understanding the role of IFN-?/? in immunity,
although validation of these findings in humans has been limited. We investigated
a previously healthy child with fatal encephalitis after inoculation of the live
attenuated measles, mumps, and rubella (MMR) vaccine. By targeted resequencing,
we identified a homozygous mutation in the high-affinity IFN-?/? receptor
(IFNAR2) in the proband, as well as a newborn sibling, that rendered cells
unresponsive to IFN-?/?. Reconstitution of the proband's cells with wild-type
IFNAR2 restored IFN-?/? responsiveness and control of IFN-attenuated viruses.
Despite the severe outcome of systemic live vaccine challenge, the proband had
previously shown no evidence of heightened susceptibility to respiratory viral
pathogens. The phenotype of IFNAR2 deficiency, together with similar findings in
STAT2-deficient patients, supports an essential but narrow role for IFN-?/? in
human antiviral immunity.