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2015 ; 2
(4
): 189-200
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Human Ascariasis: Diagnostics Update
#MMPMID26550552
Lamberton PH
; Jourdan PM
Curr Trop Med Rep
2015[]; 2
(4
): 189-200
PMID26550552
show ga
Soil-transmitted helminths (STHs) infect over one billion people worldwide.
Ascariasis may mimic a number of conditions, and individual clinical diagnosis
often requires a thorough work-up. Kato-Katz thick smears are the standard
detection method for Ascaris and, despite low sensitivity, are often used for
mapping and monitoring and evaluation of national control programmes. Although
increased sampling (number of stools) and diagnostic (number of examinations per
stool) efforts can improve sensitivity, Kato-Katz is less sensitive than other
microscopy methods such as FLOTAC®. Antibody-based diagnostics may be a sensitive
diagnostic tool; however, their usefulness is limited to assessing transmission
in areas aiming for elimination. Molecular diagnostics are highly sensitive and
specific, but high costs limit their use to individual diagnosis, drug - efficacy
studies and identification of Ascaris suum. Increased investments in research on
Ascaris and other STHs are urgently required for the development of diagnostic
assays to support efforts to reduce human suffering caused by these infections.