Hormesis: a fundamental concept in biology
#MMPMID28357236
Calabrese EJ
Microb Cell
2014[Apr]; 1
(5
): 145-149
PMID28357236
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This paper assesses the hormesis dose response concept, including its historical
foundations, frequency, generality, quantitative features, mechanistic basis and
biomedical, pharmaceutical and environmental health implications. The hormetic
dose response is highly generalizable, being independent of biology model (i.e.
common from plants to humans), level of biological organization (i.e. cell, organ
and organism), endpoint, inducing agent and mechanism, providing the first
general and quantitative description of plasticity. The hormetic dose response
describes the limits to which integrative endpoints (e.g. cell proliferation,
cell migration, growth patterns, tissue repair, aging processes, complex
behaviors such as anxiety, learning, memory, and stress, preconditioning
responses, and numerous adaptive responses) can be modulated (i.e., enhanced or
diminished) by pharmaceutical, chemical and physical means. Thus, the hormesis
concept is a fundamental concept in biology with a wide range of biological
implications and biomedical applications.
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