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2018 ; 6
(1
): 40-47
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Hepatitis E: Still Waters Run Deep
#MMPMID29577031
von Wulffen M
; Westhölter D
; Lütgehetmann M
; Pischke S
J Clin Transl Hepatol
2018[Mar]; 6
(1
): 40-47
PMID29577031
show ga
Hepatitis E is an infectious inflammatory disease of the liver caused by the
hepatitis E virus (HEV), a single-stranded RNA virus. Today, it is estimated that
there are more than 20 million HEV infections every year, leading to 3.3 million
symptomatic cases and more than 56,000 deaths. For a long time it was believed
that HEV was a travel-associated disease, endemic in developing countries with
poor hygienic standards and unsafe water supply. However, over the past years,
publications have demonstrated that autochthonous HEV infections in
industrialized countries are far more common than previously thought. Awareness
for HEV amongst health care practitioners in industrialized countries is still
limited. This relatively rare disease is of great importance, especially in
immunocompromised patients where it can cause chronic liver disease. This article
comprehensively reviews current literature to give an overview on clinically
important topics. It will focus on epidemiological aspects, acute and chronic HEV
infection as well as extra-hepatic manifestations, diagnostic approach and
treatment options. Furthermore, the article is concluded with a brief outlook on
perspectives and urgent problems to be addressed in the future.
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