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2018 ; 12
(1
): 355
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HER3 signaling and targeted therapy in cancer
#MMPMID30057690
Mishra R
; Patel H
; Alanazi S
; Yuan L
; Garrett JT
Oncol Rev
2018[Jan]; 12
(1
): 355
PMID30057690
show ga
ERBB family members including epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) also known
as HER1, ERBB2/HER2/Neu, ERBB3/HER3 and ERBB4/HER4 are aberrantly activated in
multiple cancers and hence serve as drug targets and biomarkers in modern
precision therapy. The therapeutic potential of HER3 has long been
underappreciated, due to impaired kinase activity and relatively low expression
in tumors. However, HER3 has received attention in recent years as it is a
crucial heterodimeric partner for other EGFR family members and has the potential
to regulate EGFR/HER2-mediated resistance. Upregulation of HER3 is associated
with several malignancies where it fosters tumor progression via interaction with
different receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs). Studies also implicate HER3
contributing significantly to treatment failure, mostly through the activation of
PI3K/AKT, MAPK/ERK and JAK/STAT pathways. Moreover, activating mutations in HER3
have highlighted the role of HER3 as a direct therapeutic target. Therapeutic
targeting of HER3 includes abrogating its dimerization partners' kinase activity
using small molecule inhibitors (lapatinib, erlotinib, gefitinib, afatinib,
neratinib) or direct targeting of its extracellular domain. In this review, we
focus on HER3-mediated signaling, its role in drug resistance and discuss the
latest advances to overcome resistance by targeting HER3 using mono- and
bispecific antibodies and small molecule inhibitors.