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2016 ; 7
(ä): 10422
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Gyre-driven decay of the Earth s magnetic dipole
#MMPMID26814368
Finlay CC
; Aubert J
; Gillet N
Nat Commun
2016[Jan]; 7
(ä): 10422
PMID26814368
show ga
Direct observations indicate that the magnitude of the Earth's magnetic axial
dipole has decreased over the past 175 years; it is now 9% weaker than it was in
1840. Here we show how the rate of dipole decay may be controlled by a
planetary-scale gyre in the liquid metal outer core. The gyre's meridional limbs
on average transport normal polarity magnetic flux equatorward and reverse
polarity flux poleward. Asymmetry in the geomagnetic field, due to the South
Atlantic Anomaly, is essential to the proposed mechanism. We find that meridional
flux advection accounts for the majority of the dipole decay since 1840,
especially during times of rapid decline, with magnetic diffusion making an
almost steady contribution generally of smaller magnitude. Based on the
morphology of the present field, and the persistent nature of the gyre, the
current episode of dipole decay looks set to continue, at least for the next few
decades.