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2012 ; 8
(28
): 7446-7451
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Growth of curved and helical bacterial cells
#MMPMID26120350
Jiang H
; Sun SX
Soft Matter
2012[Jul]; 8
(28
): 7446-7451
PMID26120350
show ga
A combination of cell wall growth and cytoskeletal protein action gives rise to
the observed bacterial cell shape. Aside from the common rod-like and spherical
shapes, bacterial cells can also adopt curved or helical geometries. To
understand how curvature in bacteria is developed or maintained, we examine how
Caulobacter crescentus obtains its crescent-like shape. Caulobacter cells with or
without the cytoskeletal bundle crescentin, an intermediate filament-like
protein, exhibit two distinct growth modes, curvature maintenance that preserves
the radius of curvature and curvature relaxation that straightens the cell (Fig.
1). Using a proposed mechanochemical model, we show that bending and twisting of
the crescentin bundle can influence the stress distribution in the cell wall, and
lead to the growth of curved cells. In contrast, after crescentin bundle is
disrupted, originally curved cells will slowly relax towards a straight rod over
time. The model is able to quantitatively capture experimentally observed
curvature dynamics. Furthermore, we show that the shape anisotropy of the
cross-section of a curved cell is never greater than 4%, even in the presence of
crescentin.
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