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2016 ; 63
(suppl 4
): S134-S141
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Global Childhood Deaths From Pertussis: A Historical Review
#MMPMID27838665
Chow MY
; Khandaker G
; McIntyre P
Clin Infect Dis
2016[Dec]; 63
(suppl 4
): S134-S141
PMID27838665
show ga
Impact of pertussis vaccines on mortality is a key World Health Organization
indicator, and trends in mortality rates and age distribution can inform maternal
immunization strategies. We systematically reviewed studies reporting pertussis
mortality rates (PMRs) per million population, identifying 19 eligible studies.
During a prevaccine observation period of ?50 years in high-income countries
(HICs), PMRs reduced in both infants and 1- to 4-year-olds by >80%, along with
improvements in living conditions. In studies in low- and middle-income countries
(LMICs), PMRs resembled highest prevaccine HIC rates. Postvaccine in HICs,
significant further reduction in deaths (>98%) occurred, but with a large left
shift in age of onset among residual deaths. Postvaccine in LMICs, limited data
also show large and rapid decreases in PMRs, first in older infants and children,
but long-term data fully enumerating residual deaths are lacking. In Sweden,
large increases in the prevalence of undetectable pertussis antibodies were found
at 10 years after high childhood coverage of acellular pertussis vaccines. Such
data are not available from LMICs using whole-cell vaccines in a primary schedule
without boosters. Data on residual infant deaths and maternal seroprevalence
would be valuable inputs into consideration of pertussis vaccination in pregnancy
in LMIC settings, especially if more precise immune correlates of infant
protection against death from pertussis were known.